This comprehensive research report provides up-to-date and accurate data, along with AI-powered analysis, on the following area:
Address | Surroundings | Created on |
---|---|---|
Custom Shape | 05/28/2024 |
A Historical Glimpse and Perceptions
The focal point of this report, Tin Top Flats at the Creamery, is housed in the historical Tobin Hill neighborhood of San Antonio, nestled within the 78212 Zip Code. Tobin Hill has a storied past, once a residential hub for San Antonio’s burgeoning middle class in the early 20th century. Over time, it experienced periods of economic fluctuation and urban decay, but recent decades have seen resurgence driven by gentrification and revitalization initiatives. Notably, this district lies within proximity to San Antonio’s vibrant Pearl District, adding a layer of historical charm and modern attractiveness.
Standout Positive Attributes
Tobin Hill showcases notable demographic and socioeconomic positives. With a strong 5-year population growth forecast of 12.19%, it’s clear the area is becoming increasingly attractive, likely fueled by its proximity to downtown and dynamic cultural amenities. This growth is advantageous for property values and the vibrancy of the local community. Additionally, the highly walkable and bikeable nature (Walk Score: 78, Bike Score: 87) is particularly commendable, fostering an environment conducive to sustainable living and reducing dependency on vehicles.
The educational achievements within Tobin Hill are quite promising, with a substantial 47% of residents holding college or graduate degrees. This bodes well for a culturally rich environment, often correlating with enhanced community engagement and a proliferation of local arts and cultural activities.
Challenging Aspects
However, a few critical drawbacks demand attention. The area is unfortunately plagued by high property and personal crime indices — 211 and 196 respectively, well above the national index of 100. This reality necessitates caution and perhaps an investment in personal and home security measures. Furthermore, with a high flood hazard risk, potential residents must be vigilant about flood insurance and prepared for weather-related emergencies which can be frequent and disruptive.
The safety concerns are compounded by the presence of registered sex offenders, with a density of 11.65 per square mile, which is quite high. This could be particularly unsettling for families with children, demanding increased vigilance and possibly influencing the choice of specific residential blocks within the area.
Cultural Vibrancy and Community Dynamics
Tobin Hill pulsates with cultural vibrancy and spirited community activities. The neighboring Pearl District is a cultural and culinary gem, hosting the Pearl Farmers Market, Culinary Institute of America, and numerous boutiques and eateries. Tobin Hill itself is home to charming establishments such as The St. Mary’s Strip, known for its eclectic nightlife, offering everything from live music venues to trendy bars and informal dining experiences.
The area resounds with annual festivals like the Tobin Hill Arts Alliance events, fostering a strong communal bond and drawing in diverse crowds from all over the city. Moreover, Tobin Hill benefits from access to green spaces like San Pedro Springs Park, one of the oldest parks in the U.S., offering recreational facilities that include swimming pools, picnic areas, and nature trails.
Suitable Household Types and Comparable Areas
Tobin Hill can be an ideal living environment for young professionals, artists, and academic personnel who thrive on vibrant urban lifestyles and cultural engagement. Its proximity to the Pearl District and downtown makes it appealing for those valuing short commutes and abundant entertainment. Similarly, upwardly mobile couples and well-educated young adults might find this neighborhood appealing.
Should they seek alternatives with similar benefits, they might consider King William District for its historical allure and artistic vibe, Alamo Heights for a more suburban, family-friendly atmosphere yet close to downtown, or Monte Vista, known for its architectural heritage and tranquil, tree-lined streets.
Potential Misfit Household Types
Conversely, families with young children or seniors might find the high crime rates and registered sex offenders density alarming. They may prefer exploring Alamo Heights, which offers excellent schools and safer environs; Stone Oak, an area known for its family-friendly facilities and gated communities; or Olmos Park, providing a peaceful, affluent, and secure environment well-suited for family living.
Investment Potential: A Mixed Bag
From an investment standpoint, Tobin Hill holds promise yet comes with caution. The area’s 5-year value appreciation forecast at 5.57% is modest but positive, reflecting slow but steady growth. The low owner-occupancy rate (26%) suggests a prominence of rental properties, aligning with the area’s younger demographic but requiring vigilance about the stability of rental income.
Anticipated urban development and zoning changes in proximity to Pearl District might further bolster property values, although the crime and flood risks could temper these gains. Savvy investors should focus on properties that cater to the growing demand from young professionals while hedging against environmental risks.
Final Insights and Advice
In summation, while Tobin Hill offers an exciting, culturally rich living experience backed by promising educational and demographic trends, it also carries tangible risks that require careful consideration. Should you lean towards making Tobin Hill your choice, investing in robust home security measures and flood insurance would be prudent steps. Balancing these factors with your lifestyle preferences and risk tolerance will be crucial in arriving at a well-rounded decision, ensuring a rewarding residency or investment in this historic San Antonio neighborhood.
Rising population growth often signals a vibrant, growing community, leading to increased housing demand and potential for value appreciation. However, it's a double-edged sword; rapid growth might stretch local infrastructure and resources, possibly impacting the area's quality of life.
Population | 4,569 |
---|---|
Population (5-Year Projection) | 5,126 |
5-Year Growth Forecast | 12.19% |
Density (Person per Square Mile) | 4,436 |
Density Level | Medium High |
The makeup of households is a valuable insight for those seeking areas that resonate with family-oriented or child-friendly vibes.
Number of Households | 2,591 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Average Household Size | 1.76 | ||||||||
Household Makeup | |||||||||
Families with Kids | 8.88% | ||||||||
Families without Kids | 23.54% | ||||||||
Non-Families | 67.58% |
Age information is helpful for those aiming to align their living environment with their lifestyle preferences—whether you’re drawn to the energy and vibrancy of younger communities or the tranquility and maturity of areas with an older demographic.
Median Age | 40.90 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age Groups | |||||||||
0-9 Years | 8.34% | ||||||||
10-19 Years | 7.99% | ||||||||
20-34 Years | 25.52% | ||||||||
35-49 Years | 19.13% | ||||||||
50-64 Years | 18.49% | ||||||||
65+ Years | 20.53% |
This breakdown helps pinpoint areas that align with your desire for cultural homogeneity or diversity.
Non-Hispanic White | 40.45% |
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Hispanic | 50.51% |
Black/African American | 3.41% |
Asian | 2.30% |
Other | 3.33% |
Educational attainment percentages are for individuals aged 25 and older. Higher education levels in a community often correlate with increased civic engagement, safety, and prosperity.
Average Schooling Years | 15.63 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Educational Attainment Breakdown | |||||||||
Less than High School | 5.04% | ||||||||
High School or Some College | 48.33% | ||||||||
College Degree | 25.18% | ||||||||
Graduate/Professional Degree | 21.44% |
This section provides a detailed breakdown of household income levels in the area. Understanding a community's financial standing can reveal insights into its standard of living, economic diversity, and growth potential.
Median Household Income | $57,100 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
On Food Stamps/SNAP | 4.00% | ||||||||
Income Brackets | |||||||||
$0-$25K | 17.33% | ||||||||
$25K-$50K | 24.66% | ||||||||
$50K-$100K | 31.88% | ||||||||
$100K-$200K | 15.75% | ||||||||
$200K+ | 10.42% |
Areas where most houses are owner-occupied (rather than rented) are more desirable because owners are more financially and emotionally invested in their properties and the community's well-being. High vacancy rates are a negative indicator, as they can signal that the area is in decline.
Total Housing Units | 3,250 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Occupancy | |||||||||
Owner Occupied | 25.66% | ||||||||
Renter Occupied | 54.06% | ||||||||
Vacant | 20.28% |
The availability of subsidized housing can influence neighborhood property values.
Main Types of Subsidized Housing:
In the table below, Properties refer to distinct parcels of land or buildings designated as low-income housing. Units are the individual housing units (such as apartments) within those properties.
Total Properties | 0 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Closest Property (mi) | - | ||||||||
Total Units | 0 | ||||||||
Units per Square Mile | 0.00 | ||||||||
Property Types | |||||||||
Public Housing | - | ||||||||
Section 8 | - | ||||||||
LIHTC | - |
Understanding a neighborhood's land cover helps you evaluate the aesthetic appeal, potential for recreational activities, and the balance of natural versus developed spaces.
Concise descriptions for each land cover category:
Landscaped Areas | 5.14% |
---|---|
Residential Areas | 63.55% |
Urban & Commercial | 31.30% |
Water Bodies | 0.00% |
Wooded Areas | 0.00% |
Wild Vegetation | 0.00% |
Farms & Gardens | 0.00% |
Marshes & Swamps | 0.00% |
Crime Indexes compare local safety to a national average set at 100. For example, a crime index of 200 means the area has double the national average crime rate. Remember, the national average includes quieter rural areas, so urban centers may naturally show higher indexes.
Total Crime Index | 209 |
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Property Crime Index | 211 |
Personal Crime Index | 196 |
Government agencies release national fatal car accident data with a two-year delay. Extra caution is recommended in areas with higher accident frequencies.
You can see the exact location of fatal accidents on the map:
Data Period | 2019-2022 |
---|---|
All Fatal Accidents | 2 |
Annual Fatal Accidents per Square Mile | 0.49 |
Involving DUI | 50.00% |
This section provides detailed information from the Sex Offender Registry, including names, addresses, and specific convictions, to enhance your neighborhood safety awareness.
Total Sex Offenders | 12 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex Offenders per Square Mile | 11.65 | ||||||||
Closest Sex Offender (mi) | 0.45 | ||||||||
Conviction Type | |||||||||
Offense Against Children | 8 | ||||||||
Rape | 0 | ||||||||
Sexual Battery | 4 | ||||||||
Other Offense | 0 |
In many areas, students' options for attending public schools are determined by their residential address, linking them to specific school districts. Consequently, the quality of the schools within these districts plays a crucial role in shaping the educational outcomes of students. Additionally, high-performing school districts often indicate a strong community commitment to education, which can reflect positively on the neighborhood's overall desirability.
On the map, you will find the school districts that intersect with your selected area, along with detailed information about the nearby schools within each district.
Main District | San Antonio ISD |
---|---|
Grade Range | PK-12 |
Number of Schools | 98 |
Number of Students | 45,255 |
Student/Teacher Ratio | 14.72 |
State Rank | 807 out of 968 |
State Rank Percentile | 16.63% |
Other Nearby Districts | - |
Name | Level | District | Distance (mi) | Students | State Rank Percentile | Student/Teacher Ratio | On Lunch Subsidy | White | Hispanic | Black | Asian |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gonzales Early Childhood Campus | Elementary (PK) | San Antonio ISD | 0.52 | 124 | - | 20.60 | 62.10% | 5.65% | 89.52% | 1.61% | 1.61% |
Saisd - Pk 4 Sa | Elementary (PK) | San Antonio ISD | 0.79 | 94 | - | - | - | 1.06% | 91.49% | 7.45% | 0.00% |
Healy-Murphy | High (9-12) | San Antonio ISD | 1.33 | 163 | 0.41% | 10.80 | - | 3.07% | 87.12% | 8.59% | 0.61% |
Healy Murphy Pk | Elementary (PK) | San Antonio ISD | 1.33 | 37 | - | 18.50 | - | 8.11% | 81.08% | 8.11% | 0.00% |
Pershing Elementary | Elementary (PK-5) | San Antonio ISD | 1.81 | 303 | 1.46% | 14.80 | 96.04% | 1.32% | 84.49% | 14.19% | 0.00% |
Beacon Hill Academy | Elementary (PK-8) | San Antonio ISD | 1.92 | 357 | 38.93% | 13.60 | 94.12% | 1.96% | 95.24% | 1.40% | 0.00% |
Washington Elementary | Elementary (PK-6) | San Antonio ISD | 2.02 | 337 | 29.50% | 13.60 | 98.52% | 1.78% | 82.79% | 15.13% | 0.00% |
Margil Elementary | Elementary (PK-5) | San Antonio ISD | 2.12 | 436 | 11.10% | 16.40 | 97.02% | 2.98% | 89.91% | 6.19% | 0.00% |
Rogers Academy | Elementary (PK-8) | San Antonio ISD | 2.18 | 695 | 6.71% | 14.90 | 93.24% | 3.17% | 94.53% | 1.58% | 0.29% |
Edison High School | High (9-12) | San Antonio ISD | 2.21 | 1,329 | 19.79% | 13.90 | 89.92% | 1.28% | 97.14% | 0.83% | 0.30% |
For families seeking alternatives to traditional public schools, several options are available:
The map displays nearby charter, magnet, and private schools (if any) along with key information about each.
Name | Level | Type | Faith Affiliation | Coed | Distance (mi) | Students | State Rank Percentile | Student/Teacher Ratio | On Lunch Subsidy | White | Hispanic | Black | Asian |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hawthorne Pk-8 Academy | Elementary (PK-8) | Charter | - | - | 0.07 | 621 | 15.36% | 16.40 | 78.90% | 4.83% | 89.86% | 3.38% | 0.64% |
San Antonio Academy Of Texas | Private (PK-8) | Private | Nonsectarian | Boys | 0.67 | 332 | - | 6.90 | - | 68.67% | 12.65% | 1.51% | 4.52% |
Keystone School | Private (PK-12) | Private | Nonsectarian | Coed | 0.72 | 508 | - | 8.50 | - | 32.48% | 21.46% | 2.56% | 17.13% |
Travis Early College High School | High (9-12) | Charter | - | - | 0.76 | 425 | 90.77% | 19.30 | 72.47% | 3.29% | 95.06% | 0.94% | 0.24% |
Central Catholic High School -San Antonio | Private (9-12) | Private | Roman Catholic | Boys | 0.78 | 532 | - | 14.70 | - | 52.26% | 45.49% | 0.56% | 0.75% |
Great Hearts Monte Vista North | High (6-12) | Charter | - | - | 0.80 | 444 | 76.64% | 13.60 | 23.87% | 43.24% | 50.90% | 1.35% | 2.25% |
Providence Catholic School | Private (6-12) | Private | Roman Catholic | Girls | 0.84 | 236 | - | 10.00 | - | 16.53% | 74.15% | 1.69% | 2.12% |
Great Hearts Monte Vista | Elementary (K-5) | Charter | - | - | 0.94 | 462 | 85.60% | 23.00 | 23.16% | 42.86% | 50.87% | 2.16% | 1.73% |
St Paul's Episcopal Montessori School | Private (PK-6) | Private | Episcopal | Coed | 0.95 | 68 | - | 5.00 | - | 14.71% | 17.65% | 8.82% | 5.88% |
St Pauls Episcopal Montessori School | Private (PK-5) | Private | Episcopal | Coed | 0.95 | 81 | - | 11.00 | - | 37.04% | 19.75% | 7.41% | 6.17% |
Imelda Davis Early College High School | Alternative (9) | Charter | - | - | 0.99 | 8 | - | 2.40 | - | 0.00% | 87.50% | 0.00% | 0.00% |
St Anthony Catholic High School | Private (9-12) | Private | Roman Catholic | Coed | 1.01 | 266 | - | 9.30 | - | 19.17% | 78.57% | 1.88% | 0.38% |
The Acorn - A School For Young Children | Private (PK-K) | Private | Nonsectarian | Coed | 1.14 | 111 | - | 6.00 | - | 0.00% | 2.70% | 0.00% | 13.51% |
Advanced Learning Academy | Alternative (PK-12) | Charter | - | - | 1.26 | 1,047 | - | 15.40 | 51.00% | 16.52% | 76.98% | 4.68% | 0.38% |
Fox Technical High School | High (9-12) | Charter | - | - | 1.25 | 499 | 36.46% | 17.30 | 86.97% | 2.40% | 93.19% | 3.41% | 0.40% |
Cast Technical High School | High (9-12) | Charter | - | - | 1.25 | 457 | 74.76% | 15.00 | 61.71% | 7.88% | 86.65% | 2.84% | 0.44% |
Mark Twain Dual Language Academy | Elementary (PK-8) | Charter | - | - | 1.27 | 608 | 73.70% | 17.00 | 56.91% | 5.43% | 91.45% | 1.32% | 0.33% |
Bowden Academy | Elementary (PK-8) | Charter | - | - | 1.29 | 477 | 5.29% | 13.10 | 94.55% | 3.98% | 88.68% | 6.71% | 0.00% |
Lamar Elementary | Elementary (PK-6) | Charter | - | - | 1.32 | 297 | 64.54% | 11.30 | 72.05% | 16.84% | 75.76% | 3.03% | 0.00% |
Healy-Murphy Center | Private (PK-12) | Private | Nonsectarian | Coed | 1.34 | 162 | - | 7.50 | - | 1.85% | 67.28% | 9.26% | 0.00% |
Positive Solutions Charter | High (9-12) | Charter | - | - | 1.37 | 101 | 5.30% | 14.00 | - | 4.95% | 93.07% | 1.98% | 0.00% |
Incarnate Word High School | Private (9-12) | Private | Roman Catholic | Girls | 1.39 | 370 | - | 12.30 | - | 18.65% | 73.78% | 1.89% | 2.97% |
Sunshine Cottage School For Deaf Children | Private (PK-5) | Private | Nonsectarian | Coed | 1.41 | 184 | - | 4.80 | - | 17.93% | 38.04% | 5.98% | 2.17% |
The Circle School | Private (K-8) | Private | Nonsectarian | Coed | 1.47 | 73 | - | 9.20 | - | 49.32% | 47.95% | 0.00% | 0.00% |
Agnes Cotton Academy | Elementary (PK-8) | Charter | - | - | 1.77 | 482 | 61.01% | 14.70 | 90.25% | 5.60% | 92.32% | 1.24% | 0.21% |
KIPP Somos High School | High (9-12) | Charter | - | - | 1.81 | 395 | 24.53% | 8.50 | 83.04% | 5.06% | 90.38% | 2.78% | 1.01% |
Idea Carver College Preparatory | High (6-12) | Charter | - | - | 1.86 | 671 | 90.21% | 15.20 | 91.80% | 5.07% | 83.01% | 11.03% | 0.60% |
Idea Carver Academy | Elementary (K-5) | Charter | - | - | 1.86 | 574 | 79.06% | 22.00 | 89.55% | 6.62% | 84.32% | 8.19% | 0.35% |
Young Men's Leadership Academy | Alternative (4-12) | Charter | - | - | 1.88 | 333 | - | 13.00 | 64.26% | 4.20% | 75.68% | 18.02% | 0.60% |
Essence Preparatory Charter School | Elementary (PK-5) | Charter | - | - | 1.96 | 103 | - | 9.00 | - | 0.00% | 25.24% | 72.82% | 0.00% |
Henry Ford Academy Alameda School For Art + Design | High (9-12) | Charter | - | - | 2.07 | 75 | 58.13% | 13.50 | 48.00% | 13.33% | 76.00% | 6.67% | 0.00% |
KIPP Poder Academy | Middle (6-8) | Charter | - | - | 2.17 | 226 | 45.19% | 10.70 | 82.74% | 5.75% | 82.74% | 7.96% | 0.88% |
Air quality directly impacts health, with pollution linked to multiple health concerns. Air quality can vary within a day and seasonally. Our analysis uses hourly data from the past 365 days, highlighting the percentage of time the Air Quality Index (AQI) and specific pollutants were in the dangerous range.
Poor or Very Poor Air Quality | 0.71% | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Worst Month | September | ||||||||
Major Pollutant | - | ||||||||
Pollutants | |||||||||
Bad or Very Bad SO2 | 0.00% | ||||||||
Bad or Very Bad NO2 | 0.00% | ||||||||
Bad or Very Bad PM10 | 0.00% | ||||||||
Bad or Very Bad PM2.5 | 0.00% | ||||||||
Bad or Very Bad O3 | 0.00% | ||||||||
Bad or Very Bad CO | 0.00% |
A Soundscore™ rating, ranging from 50 (indicating high noise levels) to 100 (signifying low noise levels), measures the environmental noise of a location, providing a quantifiable insight into the auditory environment you can expect.
Sound Score | 68 (Active) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sources of Noise | |||||||||
Airports | Calm | ||||||||
Vehicular Traffic | Busy | ||||||||
Local Commercial and Community | Active |
Using Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) data from the US Geological Survey (USGS), this section forecasts the potential earthquake impact and damage likelihood in the area over the next 50 years, offering vital insights into seismic risks.
PGA | 0.02 |
---|---|
Earthquake Risk | No Risk |
The flood risk data, sourced from FEMA, assess the likelihood and potential impacts of flooding by considering various factors including flood frequency, proximity to water bodies, and property characteristics like elevation and rebuilding costs.
On the map, areas are designated as high risk or moderate risk:
Has High-Risk Zones | Yes |
---|---|
Closest High-Risk Zone (mi) | 0.04 |
Has Moderate-Risk Zones | No |
The Walk Score, ranging from 0 to 100, gauges an address's accessibility on foot—the higher the score, the easier it is to accomplish daily errands without a car.
Similarly, the Bike Score evaluates an area's suitability for cycling based on infrastructure, topography, proximity to key destinations, road connectivity, and the cycling community's presence.
Walk Score® | 78 (Very Walkable) |
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Bike Score® | 87 (Very Bikeable) |
Gain insights into the area's potential for connections, dating, and finding life partners. This section explores the social landscape, highlighting marital status for residents 15 years and older and detailing the female-to-male ratio for those aged 20 to 44. A ratio above 1 indicates more women than men, suggesting enhanced dating prospects for men, and vice versa.
Marrital Status | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Single, Never Married | 48.14% | ||||||||
Married | 32.08% | ||||||||
Other | 19.79% | ||||||||
Female to Male Ratio | 0.81 |
Pets, especially dogs, provide a great way for locals to interact and build connections. If you have pets, you'll likely enjoy living in an area with a high percentage of fellow pet owners.
Has Any Pet | 51.14% |
---|---|
Has Dog(s) | 29.87% |
Has Cat(s) | 21.27% |
Living in a community that shares your values can be important. Our detailed analysis of Presidential Election results at the precinct level—the most granular unit for voting data—allows you to understand the political tendencies of the area.
On the map, the precicits that intersect with your selected area, along with their vote count in the 2020 election, are presented:
2020 Presidential Election Results | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Joe Biden | 73.06% | ||||||||
Donald Trump | 25.07% |
Gain deeper insights into the social fabric of the neighborhood with data on self-reported ideological leanings, sourced from MRI-Simmons surveys.
Very Liberal | 24.90% |
---|---|
Somewhat Liberal | 33.66% |
Somewhat Conservative | 25.25% |
Very Conservative | 16.19% |
Our forecast uses the latest area-specific trends and market activities to offer a strategic overview of expected growth across the overall area, rather than for individual homes.
Median Home Value | 420,909 |
---|---|
5-Year Forecast Median Home Value | 444,364 |
5-Year Appreciation Forecast | 5.57% |
Gain insights into median rent and the rent-to-value ratio to identify promising rental investment opportunities. The 1% rule suggests a property is viable if the monthly rent is at least 1% of its value. Note that using area medians may skew this figure, especially if low-end homes dominate the rental market. Despite this, the ratio is a useful initial indicator for further exploration of rental investments.
Median Monthly Rent | 1,351 |
---|---|
Median Home Value | 420,909 |
Rent to Value Ratio | 0.32% |
The Desirability Score measures how closely an area approaches a "perfect" neighborhood. This ideal is characterized by no crime or safety concerns, top-tier schools, a highly-educated population, no noise or air pollution, no risk of earthquakes or floods, high walkability, and a harmonious mix of nature and development.
The score ranges from 0 to 100, with a higher score indicating closer alignment to this ideal.
Desirability Score | 35.09 |
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The Bang for the Buck Index measures the ratio of the expected cost of a neighborhood based on its characteristics to its actual cost. An index close to 1 implies that the neighborhood's value is on par with its qualities.
An index greater than 1 indicates that the area offers excellent value for what it provides, while an index less than 1 suggests that the area may be overpriced.
Note that this measure is estimated relative to the entire US housing market, not just the local market.
Bang for the Buck | 37.20 |
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Disclaimer: Due to the dynamic nature of the housing market, the information in this report may not always reflect the most current or precise data. Maptimum is not responsible for any discrepancies or inaccuracies.